Year 7 Algebra: Build, Substitute, Solve and Sequence
Key Stage 3 · Ages 11–12 · Beginner
Instructions: Work through the activities in order. Use the worked examples and show your steps in the answer spaces. Check that your simplified expressions, substitutions, equation solutions and sequence rules match the question.
Write and Simplify Expressions
Use letters to represent unknown numbers. Remember that 4a means 4 × a. Collect like terms by adding or subtracting the coefficients of terms with the same letter; do not combine unlike terms. For example, 3x + 2x = 5x.
1. Write an algebraic expression for 5 more than n.
2. Simplify 3a + 4a.
3. Simplify 8y − 3y + 2.
4. Simplify 2p + 5 + 3p + 1.
5. Simplify 7m − 2 + m − 4.
Substitute into Expressions
Replace each letter with the given value, then calculate using the correct order of operations. Put the substituted numbers in brackets if that helps you keep track. For example, if x = 3, then 2x + 1 = 2 × 3 + 1 = 7.
1. Find 3a + 2 when a = 4.
2. Find 2b − 5 when b = 6.
3. Find c² + 1 when c = 3.
4. The formula P = 2l + 2w gives the perimeter of a rectangle. Find P when l = 5 cm and w = 3 cm.
Solve One-Step Equations
Find the value of the letter that makes each equation true. Use the inverse operation to undo what has been done to the letter. Check your answer by substituting it back into the original equation.
1. x + 7 = 15
2. y − 4 = 9
3. 5a = 30
4. b ÷ 3 = 6
Solve Two-Step Equations
Undo the addition or subtraction first, then undo the multiplication or division. Keep each step clear and check your solution in the original equation. One example is 2x + 3 = 11: subtract 3, then divide by 2.
1. 2x + 3 = 13
2. 3y − 4 = 11
3. 5a + 2 = 22
4. 4b − 7 = 9
Generate and Describe Sequences
Look at how the terms change from one term to the next. Write the next terms by continuing the same rule. To describe a term-to-term rule, say what operation takes one term to the next.
1. Continue the sequence with the next two terms: 3, 6, 9, 12, ___, ___.
2. Continue the sequence with the next two terms: 20, 17, 14, 11, ___, ___.
3. Write the term-to-term rule for: 4, 9, 14, 19, …
4. A sequence starts at 2 and the term-to-term rule is “multiply by 2”. Write the first five terms.
Activity 1: n + 5 ; 7a ; 5y + 2 ; 5p + 6 ; 8m − 6
Activity 2: 14 ; 7 ; 10 ; 16 cm
Activity 3: x = 8 ; y = 13 ; a = 6 ; b = 18
Activity 4: x = 5 ; y = 5 ; a = 4 ; b = 4
Activity 5: 15, 18 ; 8, 5 ; Add 5 ; 2, 4, 8, 16, 32
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